# Journal of Prime Research in Mathematics

Journal of Prime Research in Mathematics (JPRM) ISSN: 1817-3462 (Online) 1818-5495 (Print) is an HEC recognized, Scopus indexed, open access journal which provides a plate forum to the international community all over the world to publish their work in mathematical sciences. JPRM is very much focused on timely processed publications keeping in view the high frequency of upcoming new ideas and make those new ideas readily available to our readers from all over the world for free of cost. Starting from 2020, we publish one Volume each year containing two issues in June and December. The accepted papers will be published online immediate in the running issue. All issues will be gathered in one volume which will be published in December of every year.

Latest Published Articles

### Construction of middle nuclear square loops

JPRM-Vol. 1 (2013), Issue 1, pp. 72 – 78 Open Access Full-Text PDF
Amir Khan, Muhammad Shah, Asif Ali
Abstract: Middle nuclear square loops are loops satisfying $$x(y(zz)) =(xy)(zz)$$ for all $$x, y$$ and $$z$$. We construct an infinite family of nonassociative noncommutative middle nuclear square loops whose smallest member is of order 12.

### Comaximal factorization graphs in integral

JPRM-Vol. 1 (2013), Issue 1, pp. 65 – 71 Open Access Full-Text PDF
Shafiq Ur Rehman
Abstract: In [1], I. Beck introduced the idea of a zero divisor graph of a commutative ring and later in [2], J. Coykendall and J. Maney generalized this idea to study factorization in integral domains. They defined irreducible divisor graphs and used these irreducible divisor graphs to characterize UFDs. We define comaximal factorization graphs and use these graphs to characterize UCFDs defined in [3]. We also study that, in certain cases, comaximal factorization graph is formed by joining r copies of thecomplete graph $$K_m$$ with one copy of complete graph $$K_n$$ in common.

### Withdrawal and drainage of generalized second grade fluid on vertical cylinder with slip conditions

JPRM-Vol. 1 (2013), Issue 1, pp. 51 – 64 Open Access Full-Text PDF
M. Farooq, M. T. Rahim, S. Islam, A. M. Siddiqui
Abstract: This paper investigates the steady thin film flows of an incompressible Generalized second grade fluid under the influence of nonisothermal effects. These thin films are considered for two different problems, namely, withdrawal and drainage problems. The governing continuity and momentum equations are converted into ordinary differential equations. These equations are solved analytically. Expressions for the velocity profile, temperature distribution, volume flux, average velocity and shear stress are obtained in both the cases. Effects of different parameters on velocity and temperature are presented graphically.

### Weight characterization of the boundedness for the riemann-liouville discrete transform

JPRM-Vol. 1 (2013), Issue 1, pp. 34 – 50 Open Access Full-Text PDF
Alexander Meskhi, Ghulam Murtaza
Abstract: We establish necessary and sufficient conditions on a weight sequence $${v_j}^{∞}_{j}=1$$ governing the boundedness for the Riemann-Liouville discrete transform $$I_α$$ from $$l^p (\mathbb{N})$$ to $$l^{q}_{vj}(N)$$ (trace inequality), where $$0 < α < 1$$. The derived conditions are of $$D$$. Adams or Maz’ya–Verbitsky (pointwise) type.

### Exact wiener indices of the strong product of graphs

JPRM-Vol. 1 (2013), Issue 1, pp. 18 – 33 Open Access Full-Text PDF
K. Pattabiraman
Abstract: The Wiener index, denoted by $$W(G)$$, of a connected graph $$G$$ is the sum of all pairwise distances of vertices of the graph, that is, $$W(G) = \frac{1}{2} \sum_{u,v∈V (G)}d(u, v)$$. In this paper, we obtain the Wiener index of the strong product of a path and a cycle and strong product of two cycles.

### On grothendieck-lidskii trace formulas and applications to approximation properties

JPRM-Vol. 1 (2013), Issue 1, pp. 11 – 17 Open Access Full-Text PDF
Qaisar Latif
Abstract: The purpose of this short note is to consider the questions in connection with famous the Grothendieck-Lidskii trace formulas, to give an alternate proof of the main theorem from [10] and to show some of its applications to approximation properties:
Theorem: Let $$r ∈ (0, 1]$$, $$1 ≤ p ≤ 2$$, $$u ∈ X^{∗}|⊗_{r,p}X$$ and $$u$$ admits a representation $$u=\sum \lambda_{i}x_{i}{‘} ⊗x_{i}$$ with $$(λi) ∈ l_r,(x_{i}^{‘})$$ bounded and $$(x_i) ∈ l_{p’}^{w} (X)$$. If $$1/r + 1/2 − 1/p = 1$$, then the system $$(µ_k)$$ of all eigenvalues of the corresponding operator $$\widetilde{u}$$ (written according to their algebraic multiplicities), is absolutely summable and $$trace(u) =\sum µ_k$$.